Large tanks with hemispherical heads on both ends are used for which type of material?

Large tanks with hemispherical heads on both ends are used for which type of material?

• A. Cryogenic liquid
• B. Corrosive liquid
• C. Dry bulk
• D. High pressure

Answer: (D)

Hemispherical ends are used because they distribute internal pressure evenly and minimize stress concentrations at the junction with the shell. This geometry handles high internal pressures with a given wall thickness much better than flat or sharp-edged ends, making it the strongest and most reliable choice for high-pressure service. Other types of storage emphasize insulation for cryogenic liquids, corrosion-resistant materials for corrosive liquids, or practical shapes for bulk handling, rather than the stress management that hemispherical heads provide. So the best fit is high pressure.

Hemispherical ends are used because they distribute internal pressure evenly and minimize stress concentrations at the junction with the shell. This geometry handles high internal pressures with a given wall thickness much better than flat or sharp-edged ends, making it the strongest and most reliable choice for high-pressure service. Other types of storage emphasize insulation for cryogenic liquids, corrosion-resistant materials for corrosive liquids, or practical shapes for bulk handling, rather than the stress management that hemispherical heads provide. So the best fit is high pressure.